Colorectal Surgery
Surgery for Familial polyposis coli:
Uncommon hereditary disease of the colon presenting with multiple
polyps all over the colon. This condition has a high malignant potential
hence will require complete removal of the colon and rectum. Bowel
continuity is restored by performing an ileo-anal pouch.
Surgery for ulcerative colitis:
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease of the large bowel, which
can vary in severity. It usually starts from the rectum and ascends
towards the caecum. Most patients in India have a milder form of
ulcerative colitis localized to the left colon and subsiding with oral
medication.
Some of these patients present to the emergency ward with severe
symptoms requiring hospitalization and sometimes surgery for conditions
like toxic megacolon ,massive lower GI bleeding etc. Surgery
will involve total colectomy with ileostomy.
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Surgery for diverticulitis:
Diverticulitis is a condition usually seen in the old where areas of
weakness develop in the sigmoid and ascending colon resulting in
localized ballooning of colonic mucosa called diverticulosis. Infection
and inflammation of these diverticuli result in diverticulitis. This
condition might require surgery if it presents with colonic obstruction
, colo-vesical fistula or uncontrollable bleeding. Surgery will be in
the form of resecting the involved segment and anastomosis.
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Surgery for Cancer of Colon and rectum:
One of the commonest diseases of the colon and rectum, cancer can
affect any part of the large bowel. Surgical removal of the cancer is
the primary treatment modality. Rectal cancers will require complete
removal of the rectal apparatus with a permanent end colostomy. In some
of the rectal cancers the anal sphincter mechanism can be preserved by
using surgical staplers. Cancers of the colon will require removal of a
part of the colon clled Rght or Left hemi-colectomy